When the ends of two or more bones are connected with the help of thick bands of tissue called ligaments then this is known as joint. For example lower leg bone forms knee joint which is known as shinbone or tibia, and the thighbone is known as femur.
Usually people at certain age or in some people before that age, joint pain occur. Though there are varieties of causes for pain in the joints but one of the most common cause is arthritis. Some of the common types of arthritis which results in joint pain are -
Osteoarthritis - It is also known as degenerative arthritis. This condition is also known as ''wearing out'' and it involves the breakdown of cartilage in the joints. After 'wearing out' of the cartilage the bones rub against each other and result into pain and stiffness.
Rheumatoid Arthritis - Usually it affects women and it may affect each and every organ of the body. There is a swelling and inflammation in the joint.
Post traumatic Arthritis - This condition is caused after an injury to the joint in which the cartilage does not heal properly.
Avascular Necrosis - In this condition the bone is deprived of normal blood supply. Due to the absence of proper nutrition from the blood, gradually the bones structure weakens and it collapse and damage the cartilage.
Before going for any treatment of joint pain, a proper diagnosis is must. Some of the orthopaedic evaluation -
1. A thorough medical history
2. A physical examination
3. X-rays
4. Additional tests as needed
Based on the orthopaedic evaluation, the treatment options may include
1. Medications
2. Physical therapy
3. Joint fluid supplements
4. Joint replacement
Medication - For treating the joint pain and stiffness of arthritis, many different medications are used. Most common prescribed drugs are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, or NSAIDs. It may be taken for a long term period for the reduction of swelling and pain which is caused by arthritis.
Physical Therapy - Physical therapy is must for the patient suffering from the problem of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It includes various exercises to increase muscle strength and also help in preserving the function. It also includes daily walking, using a cane or other supporting device.
Joint Fluid Supplements - 'Joint grease' injections are prescribed for the patients who do not show any improvement with the previous treatments.
Total Joint Replacement: Patients suffering from severe arthritis conditions have to move for total joint replacement. It is the last treatment option for joint pain.
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